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KMID : 0438219790160030551
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Korea University Medical Journal
1979 Volume.16 No. 3 p.551 ~ p.568
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A Study on the Knowledge and Practice of Personal Health of Elementary School Children in Jeonlabuk-Do
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Abstract
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1. Introduction
1. The Purpose of this Study
Children of school age are at the most important period of development not only to the body but also to the mind through life. It is significant to guide the pro-motion of their personal health and consolidate the foundation of passing their who. le life in health for the promotion of prosperity and power of our country.
The purpose of this study is to offer fundamental data for the health education -planning in elementary school to improve the health standard of the school children by investigating the real situation of their knowledge and practice of personal health, in consideration of their district distribution and socio-economic status.
2. Sampling and Survey
The survey was conducted during 13 days from February 3 to 15 in 1979 and was concerned with total 908 children in grade 6, who consisted of 469 subjects of urban groups drawn from selected elementary schools in Jeonju and Gunsan city, and 439 subjects of rural group drawn from selected elementary schools in Okgu-gun(country), Jeonlabuk-do (province).
I made up a questionnaire to look into their perception concerning the knowledge and practice of personal health. The questionnaire sheets, consisting of 6 domains and 31 items, were handed to some college students, who in turn distributed one to each student and retrieved them in an hour.
The data were analyzed by using t-test and ANOVA method with Likert-type mean value scale on the basis of total 3 points, and by using percentage tabulation.
U. Findings
The major findings of this study were summarized as follows.
1. The mean of the children´s knowledge of personal health was 2.78 for the urban group and 2.53 for the rural group.
The mean of their practice was 2.62 for the urban group and 2.42 for the rural group.
Thus, both of the means for the urban group were higher than those for the rural group.
2. Concerning the difference between their knowledge and practice of personal health in the urban area, all the 6 domains showed significant differences at p<.001 Za level. In case of the rural area, all the 5 domains except for the -safety domain al-so showed significant difference ( p< .001) . In other words, the degree of the knowledge was significantly higher than that of their practice.
3. Concerning their knowledge of personal health, there were significant differences between the urban group and the rural group( p<.001) . In other words, the degree of the knowledge in urban was comparatively higher than that in rural. The degree of their practice in urban also was still higher than in rural.
4. The correlation between their knowledge and practice of personal health with the educational levels of their parents showed significant differences at p<.001 level. In other words, the educational levels of their parents have an effect upon their knowledge and practice of personal health.
5. Out of family variables, F-test findings of the correlation among the children´s knowledge, their practice of personal health, and their fathers´ occupations showed significant difference at p<.001 level. So it was found that father´s occupation has an effect upon his children´s knowledge and practice of personal health.
6. The findings showed that-there were significant differences between the number and structure of family members and the knowledge of children at p<.001 level, but that, there were non-significant differences between the number and the practice.
7. The correlation between the_ possession of facilities such as newspaper, monthly magazine, telephone, television set, refrigerator and washing machine, and the children´s knowledge-and practice of personal health showed significant difference at P <.Q01rJe..vel. _on, the whole, except for the case of telephone and washing machine
8. There were also significant differences between the possession of residential fac;li ers suczh as, study. room, bathroom and flush toilet, and their knowledge and practice of personal health( p <.0011 So it was found that those residential facilities affect, their. knowledge and practice of personal health.
9.,., For,,reasons why,.the children do not practise their personal hygiene, the response that they don´t get into the habit stood the first rank, and the response that they don´t. have the good knowledge stood the last rank. It was found that they havet-the, good ; knowledge but
don´t get, into the habit.
10J,Qtor thie reason of their; use .of the school nursing room, the proportion of he-
;J!
adache, stomachache and trauma was highest with 83 percent of the total. Further-
3more, ~3. per ent; of. the children in urban and rural, have never seen their *school ..
nurse f~hp9~ cg sufiation. d
11.-Concerning the frequency, of their use of the nursing room for a year, the f
response of "13 times" stood the first rank zC the rate of 62.3 percent in the urban area, and the response of "Never used" stood the first rank at the rate of 58 percent in the rural area.
12. Concerning the frequency of their use of the nursing room for 6 years, "l5 times" stood the first rank at the rate of 58 percent in the urban area, and " 15 times" also stood the first rank at the rate of 51.7 percent in the rural area. So the frequency in urban was higher that in rural.
III Recommendations.
1. The school health and the health education should be considered the socio-economic aspect, and the education plan should be established so that the children may put their knowledge into practice.
2. The authority concerned should investigate real situations of the knowledge and practice of elementary school children in each grade year, and establish the health education plan with grades.
U. Findings
The major findings of this study were summarized as follows.
1. The mean of the children´s knowledge of personal health was 2.78 for the urban group and 2.53 for the rural group.
The mean of their practice was 2.62 for the urban group and 2.42 for the rural group.
Thus, both of the means for the urban group were higher than those for the rural group.
2. Concerning the difference between their knowledge and practice of personal health in the urban area, all the 6 domains showed significant differences at p<.001 Za level. In case of the rural area, all the 5 domains except for the -safety domain al-so showed significant difference ( p< .001) . In other words, the degree of the knowledge was significantly higher than that of their practice.
3. Concerning their knowledge of personal health, there were significant differences between the urban group and the rural group( p<.001) . In other words, the degree of the knowledge in urban was comparatively higher than that in rural. The degree of their practice in urban also was still higher than in rural.
4. The correlation between their knowledge and practice of personal health with the educational levels of their parents showed significant differences at p<.001 level. In other words, the educational levels of their parents have an effect upon their knowledge and practice of personal health.
5. Out of family variables, F-test findings of the correlation among the children´s knowledge, their practice of personal health, and their fathers´ occupations showed significant difference at p<.001 level. So it was found that father´s occupation has an effect upon his children´s knowledge and practice of personal health.
6. The findings showed that-there were significant differences between the number and structure of family members and the knowledge of children at p<.001 level, but that, there were non-significant differences between the number and the practice.
7. The correlation between the_ possession of facilities such as newspaper, monthly magazine, telephone, television set, refrigerator and washing machine, and the children´s knowledge-and practice of personal health showed significant difference at P <.Q01rJe..vel. _on, the whole, except for the case of telephone and washing machine
8. There were also significant differences between the possession of residential fac;li ers suczh as, study. room, bathroom and flush toilet, and their knowledge and practice of personal health( p <.0011 So it was found that those residential facilities affect, their. knowledge and practice of personal health.
9.,., For,,reasons why,.the children do not practise their personal hygiene, the response that they don´t get into the habit stood the first rank, and the response that they don´t. have the good knowledge stood the last rank. It was found that they havet-the, good ; knowledge but
don´t get, into the habit.
10J,Qtor thie reason of their; use .of the school nursing room, the proportion of he-
;J!
adache, stomachache and trauma was highest with 83 percent of the total. Further-
3more, ~3. per ent; of. the children in urban and rural, have never seen their *school ..
nurse f~hp9~ cg sufiation. d
11.-Concerning the frequency, of their use of the nursing room for a year, the f
response of "13 times" stood the first rank zC the rate of 62.3 percent in the urban area, and the response of "Never used" stood the first rank at the rate of 58 percent in the rural area.
12. Concerning the frequency of their use of the nursing room for 6 years, "l5 times" stood the first rank at the rate of 58 percent in the urban area, and " 15 times" also stood the first rank at the rate of 51.7 percent in the rural area. So the frequency in urban was higher that in rural.
III Recommendations.
1. The school health and the health education should be considered the socio-economic aspect, and the education plan should be established so that the children may put their knowledge into practice.
2. The authority concerned should investigate real situations of the knowledge and practice of elementary school children in each grade year, and establish the health education plan with grades.
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